{"id":182,"date":"2007-05-12T16:44:15","date_gmt":"2007-05-12T14:44:15","guid":{"rendered":" http:\/\/www.nsonic.de\/blog\/2007\/05\/nsonic-homepage-2\/"},"modified":"2007-05-12T16:44:17","modified_gmt":"2007-05-12T14:44:17","slug":"nsonic-homepage-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nsonic.de\/blog\/2007\/05\/nsonic-homepage-2\/","title":{"rendered":"nSonic Homepage"},"content":{"rendered":"

> yes, but what is the virtual-key code for ALT+F?
\n>
\n<\/em>
\nThere ain’t one, this is a key *combination*, not a single keystroke.
\nIt would require several messages:<\/p>\n

wm_syskeydown for VK_MENU (alt)
\n wm_syskeydown for Ord(‘F’)
\n wm_syschar for ‘F’
\n wm_syskeyup for Ord(‘F’),
\n wm_syskeyup for VM_MENU<\/p>\n

The wm_syschar is not required if you use POstMessage instead of
\nSendMessage. However, it will probably still not work if the receiver
\nwindow checks for Alt down with GetKeyState instead of looking at the
\nAlt bit in the messages lparam, sending these messages does not change
\nthe keystate array. The following procedure fixes this by changing the
\narray manually:
\n
\n[code lang=”delphi”]{************************************************************
\n * Procedure PostKeyEx
\n *
\n * Parameters:
\n * hWindow: target window to be send the keystroke
\n * key : virtual keycode of the key to send. For printable
\n * keys this is simply the ANSI code (Ord(character)).
\n * shift : state of the modifier keys. This is a set, so you
\n * can set several of these keys (shift, control, alt,
\n * mouse buttons) in tandem. The TShiftState type is
\n * declared in the Classes Unit.
\n * specialkey: normally this should be False. Set it to True to
\n * specify a key on the numeric keypad, for example.
\n * If this parameter is true, bit 24 of the lparam for
\n * the posted WM_KEY* messages will be set.
\n * Description:
\n * This procedure sets up Windows key state array to correctly
\n * reflect the requested pattern of modifier keys and then posts
\n * a WM_KEYDOWN\/WM_KEYUP message pair to the target window. Then
\n * Application.ProcessMessages is called to process the messages
\n * before the keyboard state is restored.
\n * Error Conditions:
\n * May fail due to lack of memory for the two key state buffers.
\n * Will raise an exception in this case.
\n * NOTE:
\n * Setting the keyboard state will not work across applications
\n * running in different memory spaces on Win32 unless
\nAttachThreadInput
\n * is used to connect to the target thread first.
\n *Created: 02\/21\/96 16:39:00 by P. Below
\n ************************************************************}
\nProcedure PostKeyEx( hWindow: HWnd; key: Word; Const shift:
\nTShiftState;
\n specialkey: Boolean );
\nType
\n TBuffers = Array [0..1] of TKeyboardState;
\nVar
\n pKeyBuffers : ^TBuffers;
\n lparam: LongInt;
\nBegin
\n (* check if the target window exists *)
\n If IsWindow(hWindow) Then Begin
\n (* set local variables to default values *)
\n pKeyBuffers := Nil;
\n lparam := MakeLong(0, MapVirtualKey(key, 0));<\/p>\n

(* modify lparam if special key requested *)
\n If specialkey Then
\n lparam := lparam or $1000000;<\/p>\n

(* allocate space for the key state buffers *)
\n New(pKeyBuffers);
\n try
\n (* Fill buffer 1 with current state so we can later restore it.
\n Null out buffer 0 to get a “no key pressed” state. *)
\n GetKeyboardState( pKeyBuffers^[1] );
\n FillChar(pKeyBuffers^[0], Sizeof(TKeyboardState), 0);<\/p>\n

(* set the requested modifier keys to “down” state in the buffer
\n*)
\n If ssShift In shift Then
\n pKeyBuffers^[0][VK_SHIFT] := $80;
\n If ssAlt In shift Then Begin
\n (* Alt needs special treatment since a bit in lparam needs also
\nbe set *)
\n pKeyBuffers^[0][VK_MENU] := $80;
\n lparam := lparam or $20000000;
\n End;
\n If ssCtrl In shift Then
\n pKeyBuffers^[0][VK_CONTROL] := $80;
\n If ssLeft In shift Then
\n pKeyBuffers^[0][VK_LBUTTON] := $80;
\n If ssRight In shift Then
\n pKeyBuffers^[0][VK_RBUTTON] := $80;
\n If ssMiddle In shift Then
\n pKeyBuffers^[0][VK_MBUTTON] := $80;<\/p>\n

(* make out new key state array the active key state map *)
\n SetKeyboardState( pKeyBuffers^[0] );<\/p>\n

(* post the key messages *)
\n If ssAlt In Shift Then Begin
\n PostMessage( hWindow, WM_SYSKEYDOWN, key, lparam);
\n PostMessage( hWindow, WM_SYSKEYUP, key, lparam or $C0000000);
\n End
\n Else Begin
\n PostMessage( hWindow, WM_KEYDOWN, key, lparam);
\n PostMessage( hWindow, WM_KEYUP, key, lparam or $C0000000);
\n End;
\n (* process the messages *)
\n Application.ProcessMessages;<\/p>\n

(* restore the old key state map *)
\n SetKeyboardState( pKeyBuffers^[1] );
\n finally
\n (* free the memory for the key state buffers *)
\n If pKeyBuffers <> Nil Then
\n Dispose( pKeyBuffers );
\n End; { If }
\n End;
\nEnd; { PostKeyEx } <\/p>\n

PostKeyEx( targetWnd, Ord(‘F’), [ssAlt], false );
\n[\/code]<\/p>\n

would send an Alt-F. But only if the target window is in the current
\nprocess. Since each thread has its own keystate array the code cannot
\nwork properly if the receiver is in another process or even another
\nthread of the current process. In this case the only option is to make
\nthe receiver window active (SetForegroundWindow) and use keybd_event to
\nmanufacture the keystrokes.<\/p>\n

[code lang=”delphi”]{************************************************************
\n * Procedure PostKeyEx32
\n *
\n * Parameters:
\n * key : virtual keycode of the key to send. For printable
\n * keys this is simply the ANSI code (Ord(character)).
\n * shift : state of the modifier keys. This is a set, so you
\n * can set several of these keys (shift, control, alt,
\n * mouse buttons) in tandem. The TShiftState type is
\n * declared in the Classes Unit.
\n * specialkey: normally this should be False. Set it to True to
\n * specify a key on the numeric keypad, for example.
\n * Description:
\n * Uses keybd_event to manufacture a series of key events matching
\n * the passed parameters. The events go to the control with focus.
\n * Note that for characters key is always the upper-case version of
\n * the character. Sending without any modifier keys will result in
\n * a lower-case character, sending it with [ssShift] will result
\n * in an upper-case character!
\n *Created: 17.7.98 by P. Below
\n ************************************************************}
\nProcedure PostKeyEx32( key: Word; Const shift: TShiftState;
\n specialkey: Boolean );
\n Type
\n TShiftKeyInfo = Record
\n shift: Byte;
\n vkey : Byte;
\n End;
\n byteset = Set of 0..7;
\n Const
\n shiftkeys: Array [1..3] of TShiftKeyInfo =
\n ((shift: Ord(ssCtrl); vkey: VK_CONTROL ),
\n (shift: Ord(ssShift); vkey: VK_SHIFT ),
\n (shift: Ord(ssAlt); vkey: VK_MENU ));
\n Var
\n flag: DWORD;
\n bShift: ByteSet absolute shift;
\n i: Integer;
\n Begin
\n For i := 1 To 3 Do Begin
\n If shiftkeys[i].shift In bShift Then
\n keybd_event( shiftkeys[i].vkey,
\n MapVirtualKey(shiftkeys[i].vkey, 0),
\n 0, 0);
\n End; { For }
\n If specialkey Then
\n flag := KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY
\n Else
\n flag := 0;<\/p>\n

keybd_event( key, MapvirtualKey( key, 0 ), flag, 0 );
\n flag := flag or KEYEVENTF_KEYUP;
\n keybd_event( key, MapvirtualKey( key, 0 ), flag, 0 );<\/p>\n

For i := 3 DownTo 1 Do Begin
\n If shiftkeys[i].shift In bShift Then
\n keybd_event( shiftkeys[i].vkey,
\n MapVirtualKey(shiftkeys[i].vkey, 0),
\n KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, 0);
\n End; { For }
\n End; { PostKeyEx32 }
\n[\/code]<\/p>\n

[tags]Delphi, Misc, Keyboard[\/tags]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

> yes, but what is the virtual-key code for ALT+F? > There ain’t one, this is a key *combination*, not a single keystroke.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[75,111,107],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p71Tml-2W","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nsonic.de\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nsonic.de\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nsonic.de\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nsonic.de\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nsonic.de\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=182"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nsonic.de\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nsonic.de\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=182"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nsonic.de\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=182"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nsonic.de\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=182"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}